Integrating Biogeochemistry and Ecology Into Ocean Data Assimilation Systems

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Authors

Pierre Brasseur | Conseil National de la Recherche Scientifique/Laboratoire des Ecoulements Geophysiques et Industriels (CNRS/LEGI), Grenoble, France

Nicolas Gruber | Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH), Zürich, Switzerland

Rosa Barciela | Met Office, Exeter, UK

Keith Brander | Danish Technical University-National Institute of Aquatic Resources (DTU-Aqua), Copenhagen, Denmark

Maéva Doron | CNRS/LEGI, Grenoble, France

Abdelali El Moussaoui | Mercator Océan, Toulouse, France

Alister J. Hobday | Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Hobart, Australia

Martin Huret | Institut français de recherche pour l'exploitation de la mer (Ifremer), Nantes, France

Anne-Sophie Kremeur | Institut Pierre Simon Laplace/Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement (IPSL/LSCE), Gif-sur-Yvette, France

Patrick Lehodey | CLS, Ramonville-Saint-Agne, France

Richard Matear | CSIRO, Hobart, Australia

Cyril Moulin | IPSL/LSCE, Gif-sur-Yvette, France

Raghu Murtugudde | Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA

Inna Senina | CLS, Ramonville-Saint-Agne, France

Einar Svendsen | Institute of Marine Research, Bergen, Norway

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Abstract

Monitoring and predicting the biogeochemical state of the ocean and marine ecosystems is an important application of operational oceanography that needs to be expanded. The accurate depiction of the ocean's physical environment enabled by Global Ocean Data Assimilation Experiment (GODAE) systems, in both real-time and reanalysis modes, is already valuable for various applications, such as the fishing industry and fisheries management. However, most of these applications require accurate estimates of both physical and biogeochemical ocean conditions over a wide range of spatial and temporal scales. In this paper, we discuss recent developments that enable coupling new biogeochemical models and assimilation components with the existing GODAE systems, and we examine the potential of such systems in several areas of interest: phytoplankton biomass monitoring in the open ocean, ocean carbon cycle monitoring and assessment, marine ecosystem management at seasonal and longer time scales, and downscaling in coastal areas. A number of key requirements and research priorities are then identified for the future. GODAE systems will need to improve their representation of physical variables that are not yet considered essential, such as upper-ocean vertical fluxes that are critically important to biological activity. Further, the observing systems will need to be expanded in terms of in situ platforms (with intensified deployments of sensors for O2 and chlorophyll, and inclusion of new sensors for nutrients, zooplankton, micronekton biomass, and others), satellite missions (e.g., hyperspectral instruments for ocean color, lidar systems for mixed-layer depths, and wide-swath altimeters for coastal sea levels), and improved methods to assimilate these new measurements.

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Full Article

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Citation

Brasseur, P., N. Gruber, R. Barciela, K. Brander, M. Doron, A. El Moussaoui, A.J. Hobday, M. Huret, A.-S. Kremeur, P. Lehodey, R. Matear, C. Moulin, R. Murtugudde, I. Senina, and E. Svendsen. 2009. Integrating biogeochemistry and ecology into ocean data assimilation systems. Oceanography 22(3):206–215, http://dx.doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2009.80.

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