| > Oceanography > Issues > Archive > Volume 24, Number 2 |
2011, Oceanography 24(2):174–181, http://dx.doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2011.37
An International Quiet Ocean Experiment
Authors | Abstract | Full Article | Citation | References
Authors
Ian L. Boyd | Scottish Oceans Institute and NERC Sea Mammal Research Unit, University of St. Andrews, Scotland, UK
George Frisk | Ocean and Mechanical Engineering, Florida Atlantic University, Dania Beach, FL, USA
Ed Urban | Scientific Committee on Oceanic Research, based at University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
Peter Tyack | Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, USA
Jesse Ausubel | Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, New York, NY, USA
Sophie Seeyave | Partnership for Observation of the Global Oceans, Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Plymouth, UK
Doug Cato | Maritime Operations Division, Defence Science and Technology Organisation (DSTO), Eveleigh, New South Wales, Australia
Brandon Southall | SEA, Inc., Aptos, CA, USA, and Long Marine Laboratory, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
Michael Weise | Marine Mammals and Biological Oceanography Program, US Office of Naval Research, Arlington, VA, USA
Rex Andrew | Applied Physics Laboratory, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
Tomonari Akamatsu | Bioacoustics Group, Fishing Technology and Information Science Division, National Research Institute of Fisheries Engineering, Fisheries Research Agency, Ibaraki, Japan
René Dekeling | Defence Materiel Organisation, The Hague, The Netherlands
Christine Erbe | JASCO Australia, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
David Farmer | Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, Narragansett, RI, USA
Roger Gentry | ProScience Consulting, Dickerson, MD, USA
Tom Gross | Global Ocean Observing System for the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission, UNESCO, Paris, France
Anthony Hawkins | Loughine Ltd., Aberdeen, Scotland, UK
Fenghua Li | Institute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
Kathy Metcalf | Chamber of Shipping of America, Washington, DC, USA
James H. Miller | University of Rhode Island, Narragansett, RI, USA
David Moretti | Chief of Naval Operations' Marine Mammal Monitoring on Navy Ranges (M3R) Program, Naval Undersea Warfare Center (NUWC), Newport, RI, USA
Cristian Rodrigo | Chilean Antarctic Institute, Punta Arenas, Chile
Tomio Shinke | Research and Development Center, System Intech Co. Ltd., Tokai University, Shizuoka, Japan
Abstract
The effect of noise on marine life is one of the big unknowns of current marine science. Considerable evidence exists that the human contribution to ocean noise has increased during the past few decades: human noise has become the dominant component of marine noise in some regions, and noise is directly correlated with the increasing industrialization of the ocean. Sound is an important factor in the lives of many marine organisms, and theory and increasing observations suggest that human noise could be approaching levels at which negative effects on marine life may be occurring. Certain species already show symptoms of the effects of sound. Although some of these effects are acute and rare, chronic sublethal effects may be more prevalent, but are difficult to measure. We need to identify the thresholds of such effects for different species and be in a position to predict how increasing anthropogenic sound will add to the effects. To achieve such predictive capabilities, the Scientific Committee on Oceanic Research (SCOR) and the Partnership for Observation of the Global Oceans (POGO) are developing an International Quiet Ocean Experiment (IQOE), with the objective of coordinating the international research community to both quantify the ocean soundscape and examine the functional relationship between sound and the viability of key marine organisms. SCOR and POGO will convene an open science meeting to gather community input on the important research, observations, and modeling activities that should be included in IQOE.
Full Article
Citation
Boyd, I.L., G. Frisk, E. Urban, P. Tyack, J. Ausubel, S. Seeyave, D. Cato, B. Southall, M. Weise, R. Andrew, T. Akamatsu, R. Dekeling, C. Erbe, D. Farmer, R. Gentry, T. Gross, A. Hawkins, F. Li, K. Metcalf, J.H. Miller, D. Moretti, C. Rodrigo, and T. Shinke. 2011. An International Quiet Ocean Experiment. Oceanography 24(2):174–181, http://dx.doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2011.37.
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